Factors Affecting Migration and Solutions to Rural-Urban Migration, Especially to Developing Nations

Migration is the movement of people from one geographical area to another, involving permanent or temporary residence or settlement. There must be a reason or reasons of migration-either something is chasing the individuals away from their present location or there is an attraction to where they are going to. What are these influencing factors?

1. Natural disasters: The occurrence of Natural disasters like floods, famines, drought, earthquakes etc, could make people to migrate out of place to another.
2. Physical conditions: The physical conditions of a place such as climate, soils, relief may also be responsible for the migration of people, especially when such conditions are unfavorable.
3. Insecurity: Fear of insecurity arising from war, political instability etc, could make people migrate.
4. Differences in economic opportunities: As a result of these, people tend to migrate to where there are more economic opportunities like jobs and business transactions.
5. Change in status: Changes in status, eg, high level of education and wealth, could make people to migrate, eg, from rural to urban centers.
6. Differences in social amenities: Owing to difference in the availability of water, roads, electricity etc. people tend to move to where these amenities are present.

Anthropology Sociology

Migration has great advantages as it reduces population pressure on agricultural land at the source region; reduces population pressure on social amenities at the source region; supplies migrant labor at the receiving region; ensures the flow of capital to the receiving region; leads to the development of social amenities at the receiving region; boosts markets at the receiving region and promotes cultural integration eg, inter-marriage at the receiving region. On the other hand, it could be disadvantageous as it breeds social vices like crime and drug dealing in the receiving region; increases high cost of living at the receiving region; leads to pressure on social amenities at the receiving region; leads to the loss of able-bodied men and youth at the source region; leads to congestion in housing and transportation at the receiving region; leads to decline in production at the source region and it leads to cultural disintegration at the destination region.

Factors Affecting Migration and Solutions to Rural-Urban Migration, Especially to Developing Nations

Solutions to rural-Urban migrations

One of the major forms of migration that tends to create problems in all developing countries is that of rural-Urban migration. Since we recognize that this form of migration is a major problem, solutions have to be provided in order to prevent the occurrence of over population at the receiving regions. The solutions to the problems of rural-Urban migration include:

1. Provision of social amenities: The provision of social amenities such as water, electricity, cinemas, roads and telephones in rural areas will go a long way in reducing the rate at which youth move to Urban areas.
2. Transportation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture: This will enable the youth to engage in agriculture as the system will make farming interesting.
3. Establishment of Industries: The establishment of industries, projects and businesses that will absorb the rural working population and reverse labor movement will go a long way in reducing rural-urban drift.
4. Establishment of educational institutions: The establishment of colleges and other institutions of higher learning in rural areas will also help to reduce movement to urban centers.
5. Establishment of corporate branches: Government departments, business firms and financial institutions should be encouraged to establish their branches in rural areas.
6. provision of recreation facilities: If recreational facilities like stadia, swimming pools, cinema houses, amusement parks, etc are made available in rural areas, this will reduce the propensity of the youths moving to Urban areas.

Factors Affecting Migration and Solutions to Rural-Urban Migration, Especially to Developing Nations

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Are You Wondering How You Can Easily Move Forward?

Do you know the place in your head where you put things for 'later'... and then later never comes? I do! And boy was it causing me angst. See, I just learned that by doing that I was putting off making decisions -- and we all know where that gets us don't we? It gets us no where!

For example in the case of someone being overweight, by a lot or a little, there's a black hole - they just put stuff there to deal with later. In my experience, the stuff is often things they have happening in their lives that they would rather not have happening. So they put their feelings away for later by eating to conceal their emotions.

Does that sound like you? Did I scare you? I hope so, because what I want is to bring awareness for you just like I had awareness recently about my own black hole. Let me tell you the good news: it almost always comes down to fear. We are afraid of something, whether it's ourselves, others, or the unknown. So what do we do? We put things away to deal with at another time when we think we won't be afraid. Well, guess what? Later has arrived! It is time to deal, decide and move on! The big buzz word now-a-days is 'moving forward' - yet, in my practice I see lots of people doing just the opposite, they are standing still. I'm discovering this is because they haven't dealt with their black hole.

Let's deal with it! Here are seven steps that will help you deal with it, begin to make decisions and then follow through so you can move on. Because I know -- really, I do -- that you do not want to be or stay where you are. I've had clients and people close to me in the exact same situation and they always say, "I want to move forward but I don't know how", so let me get you started moving forward.

Acknowledge that you have a black hole and what it is.

Recognize that your black hole served a purpose for you. At the time that was a good thing, but not anymore.

Think about where you really want to be or how you really want to feel.

Decide on ONE thing you can do to take a small step forward toward that goal. Say it out loud and then write it down. Put a date when you will do it and post it where you will see it.

Take the action -- DO -- what you said you would do in Step 4.

Celebrate your small step and be proud of what you have accomplished! Reward yourself responsibly.

Repeat Steps 3 through 6 over and over again until you have eradicated your black hole and reached your goal.

Seriously, how hard was that? It is not impossible, right? I just followed those steps myself. See, I like to play along with you because not only am I inspired by knowing that you will be taking these steps, I am a true believer in walking your talk. It's not "Do as I say"; it really is me doing it as well! If I inspire you to take action, then I'm a very happy person!

I'd love to hear about your black hole; please share your thoughts, insights and revelations.

Kim Ravida, owner and founder of Kim Ravida Coaching, is a Certified Professional Coach and a personal and professional motivation mentor. Kim motivates people to stop beating themselves up and helps them get off their butts so that they maximize their time and energy to quickly get what they want in their lives... and love their reflection! Kim produces a weekly ezine where she shares insights, inspirations, tips and ideas for setting and reaching personal and professional goals. To get more information or sign up, please go to http://www.kimravida.com.

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